What Causes Dandruff and How Shampoo Helps
Dandruff is often caused by excess skin cell turnover on the scalp, sometimes linked to a yeast called Malassezia. Medicated shampoos with active ingredients such as zinc pyrithione, ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, or coal tar help reduce flakes, itching, and inflammation. The American Academy of Dermatology notes that regular use of a dandruff shampoo can control symptoms for many people.
Best Shampoo and Conditioner Types for Dandruff
For mild flakes, shampoos with zinc pyrithione or salicylic acid are common first-line options. For persistent or severe dandruff, dermatologists often recommend ketoconazole or prescription-strength formulas. Conditioners designed for use with medicated shampoos can reduce dryness without worsening flakes. Look for lightweight, non-comedogenic conditioners that rinse clean and avoid heavy silicones that may build up on the scalp.
How to Use Dandruff Shampoo and Conditioner Correctly
Apply shampoo directly to the scalp, massage gently, and leave it on for several minutes before rinsing. Use conditioner mainly on the hair ends to avoid adding residue to the scalp. For best results, alternate between a medicated shampoo and a gentle daily formula, and reduce use once symptoms improve. If flakes persist, consult a board-certified dermatologist for a personalized treatment plan.
