What Are Chemical Exfoliants
Chemical exfoliants use acids or enzymes to dissolve dead skin cells on the surface. They can improve texture, tone, and clogged pores without manual scrubbing. For a general overview, see the Mayo Clinic guide on exfoliation.
Main Types of Chemical Exfoliants
Alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) like glycolic and lactic acid work on the skin surface and suit dry or sun-damaged skin. Beta hydroxy acid (BHA), usually salicylic acid, is oil soluble and penetrates pores, making it popular for oily and acne-prone skin. Polyhydroxy acids (PHAs), such as gluconolactone, have larger molecules for gentler exfoliation. Enzymes from fruits like papaya and pineapple also break down dead skin proteins.
How to Choose the Right Exfoliant
Start with a lower concentration and use it once or twice a week to test tolerance. AHAs often fit normal to dry skin, while BHA suits oily or breakout-prone skin. PHAs can be a milder option for sensitive skin. Always wear sunscreen and avoid mixing strong exfoliants with other active treatments.
